Convert Planck Time (tₚ) to Femtosecond (fs) instantly.
About these units
Planck Time (tₚ)
Planck time is the smallest meaningful unit of time in known physics, defined as the time it takes light to travel one Planck length. It equals approximately 5.39 × 10⁻⁴⁴ seconds. Below the Planck time, current theories of spacetime—General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics—break down, and we enter a regime where quantum gravity dominates. Planck time defines the theoretical boundary of the earliest moments of the universe, immediately after the Big Bang, before classical spacetime emerged. It is not a unit we can measure directly; rather, it represents a fundamental limit set by nature's constants, including the speed of light, the gravitational constant, and Planck's constant. The Planck time is the frontier where physics transitions from the known into the speculative—where time itself may become granular, discontinuous, or fundamentally different from the human conception.
Femtosecond (fs)
A femtosecond equals 10⁻¹⁵ seconds, a staggering scale where fundamental molecular motions occur. Chemical bonds vibrate, break, and rearrange on femtosecond timescales. Ultrafast spectroscopy—pioneered by Ahmed Zewail, who won the Nobel Prize for this work—uses femtosecond laser pulses to "freeze" molecular reactions and observe them in real time. Femtosecond lasers allow extraordinary precision in surgery and microfabrication, producing minimal heat diffusion and ultraclean cuts. At this scale, time ceases to be a continuous blur and becomes granular in terms of molecular motion, giving rise to the field of femtochemistry and revolutionizing our understanding of reaction dynamics.