Convert Kilometer/Second (km/s) to Mach (SI Standard) (Ma) instantly.
About these units
Kilometer/Second (km/s)
A kilometer per second represents a very high speed—1,000 meters every second—and is particularly important in astronomy, planetary science, and astrophysics. Orbital velocities around planets, escape velocities, solar winds, and the motion of stars relative to each other are commonly measured in km/s. This scale captures speeds far beyond terrestrial transportation. For example, Earth orbits the Sun at roughly 30 km/s, and meteoroids entering Earth's atmosphere may arrive at speeds between 11 and 72 km/s. km/s is a natural step up from m/s when describing the motion of celestial bodies.
Mach (SI Standard) (Ma)
Mach is a dimensionless measure of speed relative to the speed of sound in a given medium. Mach 1 corresponds to the speed of sound, Mach 2 is twice that speed, and so on. Mach values change with temperature, atmospheric pressure, and altitude because the speed of sound changes with these conditions. Aircraft performance, supersonic flight, rocket design, and shockwave analysis all depend heavily on Mach numbers. Mach is more than just a speed measure—it categorizes aerodynamic regimes: Subsonic (Mach < 1), Transonic (Mach 0.8–1.2), Supersonic (Mach 1–5), Hypersonic (Mach > 5). Mach numbers therefore provide insight into aerodynamic behavior, not just velocity.