Convert Micrometer (µm) to Picometer (pm) instantly.
About these units
Micrometer (µm)
A micrometer, or micron, is one-millionth of a meter. It occupies an important niche between nanometer-scale molecular measurements and millimeter-scale visible objects. The micrometer is essential in biology, where it measures cells, bacteria, and tissue structures; in materials science, where it expresses grain sizes and coating thicknesses; and in optics, where it represents wavelengths of infrared radiation. Manufacturing processes, especially semiconductor and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), rely heavily on micrometer precision. Even slight variations of a few micrometers can significantly alter performance or failure rates. The accessibility of micrometer-level imaging through modern microscopes has made this unit foundational to many scientific fields.
Picometer (pm)
At 10⁻¹² meters, the picometer occupies a scale close to the dimensions of atoms but slightly finer than typical atomic radii. Chemists use picometers to express covalent bond lengths, ionic radii, and atomic radii. For example, the radius of a hydrogen atom is about 53 pm. The unit also appears frequently in crystallography, where X-ray diffraction reveals lattice spacing on the order of a few hundred picometers. The picometer provides a numeric convenience: atomic structures are neither too large nor too small to measure accurately in this unit. In physics, picometer-scale distances become relevant when examining the interactions of electrons in tightly bound orbitals or in high-resolution measurements of electric dipole moments. It is a unit that bridges atomic size with the precision of modern measurement tools.