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About these units
Kilobyte (kB)
A kilobyte traditionally represents 1,024 bytes (2¹⁰), reflecting binary-based memory design. Historically, operating systems, RAM modules, and floppy disks all used the binary kilobyte because memory addressing naturally aligned with powers of two. Kilobytes were once considered large: early computer programs and operating systems were measured in just a few kB. The first text-based adventure games fit entirely within 32 kB. Although kilobytes seem tiny today, they remain important for low-level embedded systems, boot loaders, configuration memory, and microcontrollers. The kilobyte is a reminder of computing's early constraints and the precision of binary address spaces.
Bit (b)
A bit is the most fundamental unit of digital information, representing a binary value of 0 or 1. In physical systems, a bit corresponds to two distinguishable states—such as high/low voltage, magnetic polarity, or light/dark in optical systems. Bits form the basis of all digital computation: CPUs manipulate bits through logic gates, memory stores bits in capacitors or magnetic cells, and communication networks transmit bits as electrical pulses or photons. Although extremely small in size, bits accumulate into vast structures—from kilobytes of text to petabytes of cloud storage. Every digital phenomenon—files, images, videos, software—ultimately reduces to sequences of bits. The bit is the "atom" of information.