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About these units
Bit (b)
A bit is the most fundamental unit of digital information, representing a binary value of 0 or 1. In physical systems, a bit corresponds to two distinguishable states—such as high/low voltage, magnetic polarity, or light/dark in optical systems. Bits form the basis of all digital computation: CPUs manipulate bits through logic gates, memory stores bits in capacitors or magnetic cells, and communication networks transmit bits as electrical pulses or photons. Although extremely small in size, bits accumulate into vast structures—from kilobytes of text to petabytes of cloud storage. Every digital phenomenon—files, images, videos, software—ultimately reduces to sequences of bits. The bit is the "atom" of information.
Terabyte (TB)
A terabyte equals 1,099,511,627,776 bytes (2⁴⁰) in binary or 1 trillion bytes in decimal. Terabytes are associated with large-scale data storage: cloud drives, archival systems, scientific datasets, game installations, and high-definition video libraries. Modern personal computers often include terabyte-level drives, and enterprise systems may contain thousands of terabytes. The TB marks the boundary where storage becomes "big data," enabling machine learning training sets, genomic databases, and detailed satellite imagery archives. At this scale, efficient data management, compression, and redundancy become critical challenges.