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About these units
Atomic Mass Unit (u)
The atomic mass unit (u) is defined as exactly 1/12 the mass of a neutral carbon-12 atom, which makes it approximately 1.66053906660 × 10⁻²⁷ kilograms. This definition allows scientists to express atomic and molecular masses in a convenient, intuitive scale that aligns with the structure of the periodic table. By anchoring the unit to carbon-12, chemists and physicists gained a universal reference point that harmonizes molecular weight, relative isotopic abundance, and mass spectroscopy results. The atomic mass unit effectively normalizes the complexity of atomic masses into whole-number or near-whole-number values for most nuclei. In chemistry, u is indispensable for calculating molar masses, reaction stoichiometry, and isotopic compositions. It is also used across nuclear physics, astrophysics, and biophysics, demonstrating the universality of atomic-scale measurement.
Ounce (oz)
The ounce is a unit equal to 1/16 of a pound, or approximately 28.3495 grams, with roots in ancient Roman "uncia"—one-twelfth of a pound. The ounce is used for measuring small masses in cooking, postal services, gemstones (troy ounces), and various consumer goods. Despite not being part of the metric system, the ounce remains a staple in US everyday life, from food packaging to hardware components. Its small size gives it a practical niche where grams might feel too unfamiliar for some audiences. Multiple ounce variants exist historically—avoirdupois, troy, apothecary—but the avoirdupois ounce is now the standard in general commerce. Its endurance reflects the cultural weight of imperial units and the long history of Western measurement systems.