Convert Centimeter/Second (cm/s) to Cosmic Velocity - First (v₁) instantly.
About these units
Centimeter/Second (cm/s)
A centimeter per second is widely used in hydrology, biology, and physics to measure modest fluid flows, blood velocities, small organism movement, or lab-scale chemical transport. In medicine, cm/s is important in Doppler ultrasound, where blood flow speeds in arteries and veins are routinely measured. In physical sciences, cm/s appears in low-speed fluid mechanics experiments, sediment transport studies, and oceanographic microcurrent analysis. It offers a convenient, human-comprehensible scale for small but dynamic systems.
Cosmic Velocity - First (v₁)
The first cosmic velocity is the minimum horizontal speed an object must achieve to enter a stable orbit around a planetary body without additional propulsion. For Earth, this value is about 7.9 km/s. At this speed, an object's forward motion precisely balances with the gravitational pull downward, creating continuous free-fall—the essence of orbital motion. This velocity is foundational in orbital mechanics. Spacecraft reaching Low Earth Orbit (LEO) must achieve at least this horizontal speed, even if their vertical ascent profile varies. Understanding v₁ was essential in the early space age: it represented the threshold between atmospheric flight and true spaceflight, marking human entry into the orbital era.