Convert Earth's Equatorial Radius (R⊕) to Picometer (pm) instantly.
About these units
Earth's Equatorial Radius (R⊕)
The Earth's equatorial radius is approximately 6,378.1 km. This distance represents the radius measured along the equator, where Earth's rotational bulge makes it slightly larger than the polar radius. Geodesists, cartographers, and astronomers use the equatorial radius for mapping, satellite positioning, and calculating gravitational effects. It is fundamental to defining the shape of the Earth as an oblate spheroid rather than a perfect sphere. Precise knowledge of R⊕ enables accurate navigation, climate modeling, and orbital calculations, forming the basis for modern geodesy and Earth observation systems.
Picometer (pm)
At 10⁻¹² meters, the picometer occupies a scale close to the dimensions of atoms but slightly finer than typical atomic radii. Chemists use picometers to express covalent bond lengths, ionic radii, and atomic radii. For example, the radius of a hydrogen atom is about 53 pm. The unit also appears frequently in crystallography, where X-ray diffraction reveals lattice spacing on the order of a few hundred picometers. The picometer provides a numeric convenience: atomic structures are neither too large nor too small to measure accurately in this unit. In physics, picometer-scale distances become relevant when examining the interactions of electrons in tightly bound orbitals or in high-resolution measurements of electric dipole moments. It is a unit that bridges atomic size with the precision of modern measurement tools.