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About these units
Word (word)
A word is a unit of data whose size depends on the computer architecture, traditionally 16 bits but now often 32 or 64 bits. The word size determines the natural chunk of data a processor handles in a single operation, affecting register width, memory addressing, arithmetic precision, and overall system performance. As architectures evolved from early 8-bit systems to modern 64-bit CPUs, the meaning of "word" expanded too. Words are deeply tied to machine instructions, where addressing modes, opcodes, and data structures rely on word alignment. Thus, the word is both a conceptual and structural building block for computing hardware.
Bit (b)
A bit is the most fundamental unit of digital information, representing a binary value of 0 or 1. In physical systems, a bit corresponds to two distinguishable states—such as high/low voltage, magnetic polarity, or light/dark in optical systems. Bits form the basis of all digital computation: CPUs manipulate bits through logic gates, memory stores bits in capacitors or magnetic cells, and communication networks transmit bits as electrical pulses or photons. Although extremely small in size, bits accumulate into vast structures—from kilobytes of text to petabytes of cloud storage. Every digital phenomenon—files, images, videos, software—ultimately reduces to sequences of bits. The bit is the "atom" of information.